Now let’s walk through what the map shows.

Northern Greece: –as, –oudas, –oudis

Endings like -as are common in Epirus and Macedonia. Linguistic surveys note two‑syllable surnames ending in -as from Epirus (e.g. Melas, Dimas).
In Thrace, -oudis appears frequently (e.g., Alexoudis). Related endings -oudas and -akas follow similar northern patterns.

Central Greece: –oulos, –elos

Suffixes like -oulos/-oulis, a diminutive meaning “little” or “son of,” are found in Thessaly and central regions (e.g. Georgoulis, Giannoulis).

Western Greece & Ionian Islands: –etos, –atos

-atos originates in Kefalonia and neighboring Ionian Islands (e.g. Marinatos) .
I’ve found fewer references to -etos, but it plausibly follows similar regional derivations from Italian influence.

Peloponnese: –opoulos

Probably the best‑known suffix, -opoulos (Latin pullus “little/off‑spring”) means “descendant of.” While most widespread in the Peloponnese, it now appears across Greece (e.g., Papadopoulos).

Southern Peloponnese (Mani): –akos, –eas

In Mani, surnames split regionally: -akos in Laconia Mani and -eas in Messenian Mani.
Wiktionary records -eas being typical in Mani peninsula names like Mavréas and Maniatéas.

Aegean Islands & Crete: –akis

The diminutive suffix -akis (“little” or “son of”) is tied to Crete and Aegean islands; examples include Mitsotakis, Theodorakis.
Variant -akos also appears in some Mani names.

Asia Minor: –idis, –oglou

-idis/-ides (“son/descendant”) is an ancient patronymic, common in Pontic Greek areas, Bithynia, Thrace, and Epirus (e.g., Stavridis) .
-oglou (-oğlu in Turkish) is a Turkic suffix meaning “son of,” used by Asia Minor Greeks (e.g., Tsolakoglou) .

Aegean Islands & Anatolia: –elis, –illis

The island of Lesbos and parts of Anatolia use -ellis/-ellis suffixes (e.g. Kanellis).

Cyprus: –ou

Cypriot surnames frequently end in -ou, marking the genitive case (e.g. Georgiou, Konstantinou).

Additional notes

• -itis/-iotis indicates “from a place” (e.g., Chiotis from Chios).
• Prefixes like Papa-, Kara-, Hadji-, denote ancestral roles or Turkish roots (e.g. Papadopoulos: son of a priest).

The map above shared reflects well‑documented linguistic history. Surname suffixes do act like regional “DNA,” capturing migration patterns, local dialects, and traces of Ottoman and Venetian rule.

Wondering how these suffixes evolved alongside population movements, trade, or language contact? Drop your thoughts below—I’d love to hear what connects with your own family history!

The post Greek Surname Suffixes Map appeared first on Vivid Maps.

Greece vs. Turkey, Population Over Time

Here’s a simple breakdown of population figures over four key years:

1920s–1940s: The Aftershock of the Population Exchange

Both countries started the modern era with major demographic shifts caused by the 1923 population exchange under the Treaty of Lausanne. About 1.2 million Greeks from Asia Minor were relocated to Greece, while around 400,000 Muslims were moved from Greece to Turkey.

This created sudden, uneven population growth in Greece, straining housing, infrastructure, and food supplies, but also expanding the Greek workforce by roughly 25%. Turkey, meanwhile, consolidated a more religiously homogeneous population as it transitioned into a secular republic.

1950s–1970s: Opposite Growth Paths

After World War II, both countries entered periods of growth—but at very different speeds.

• Turkey had high fertility (over 6 children per woman in the 1950s), combined with high rural birth rates and improvements in healthcare. Its population more than doubled between 1950 and 1980.
• Greece, while growing, also experienced large-scale emigration during the same decades. Hundreds of thousands of Greeks moved to West Germany, the U.S., Canada, and Australia seeking economic opportunity.

So while Turkey grew naturally, Greece’s net growth was dampened by out-migration.

1980s–2000: Turkey Urbanizes, Greece Shrinks

Both countries began experiencing the effects of the demographic transition, but again—on different schedules.

• Turkey began to urbanize rapidly, and fertility fell from 4.5 in 1980 to around 2.5 by 2000.
• Greece, already more urban and economically developed, saw fertility fall even faster—from around 2.2 in 1980 to just 1.3 by 2000, among the lowest in Europe.

By 2000, Turkey’s population had surged past 67 million, while Greece hovered just under 11 million.

21st Century: Two Different Demographic Futures

Today, the gap continues to widen—but for new reasons.

Greece in 2024

• Population: ~10.5 million
• Annual growth rate: –0.4%
• Fertility rate: 1.3 (far below replacement level)
• Median age: ~45
• Immigration: Modest, mainly Albanians, Eastern Europeans, and more recently Middle Eastern refugees

Greece is aging fast. A low fertility rate, combined with decades of outward migration, has led to population stagnation and now decline.

Turkey in 2024

• Population: ~86 million
• Growth rate: +0.7% annually
• Fertility rate: ~2.0 (near replacement level)
• Median age: ~34
• Immigration: Significant; around 3.6 million Syrian refugees live in Turkey today (UNHCR)

While Turkey is also aging, it’s doing so more slowly, and with a younger, more urbanized population overall. Immigration has played a bigger role there, particularly since 2011 with the Syrian civil war.

21st Century: Different Demographic Trends

While Greece and Turkey share geography and history, their demographic trends in the 21st century are still proceeding in fairly different directions.

Greece has entered a phase of demographic decline. Birth rates are continuously below 1.4 children per woman and the population is aging at an increasing rate (median age ~45). Natural population growth became negative. Emigration, especially in and after the 2009 debt crisis, helped to further amplify this decrease. Immigration has slowed the decline somewhat but not enough that it stopped the steady reduction of the population.

On the other hand, Turkey’s population continues to grow, albeit at a slower rate than before. With fertility near the replacement level (~2.0), significantly younger median age (~34), and widespread urbanization, the country remains demographically vibrant. Large-scale immigration—especially from its bordering neighbor Syria—also plays a huge role in defining the population today.

Let’s end with a quick side-by-side comparison.

A hundred years ago, Turkey’s population was just twice that of Greece. Today, it’s more than eight times larger. That dramatic shift isn’t just about birth rates—it reflects deeper differences in migration, development, religion, culture, and social choices.

What do you think drives these kinds of demographic changes most? Let me know in the comments.

The post Greece vs. Turkey: A Century of Population Shifts on the Map appeared first on Vivid Maps.

The Starting Point: Independence in 1832

Modern Greece was born in 1832, when the Treaty of Constantinople recognized its independence from the Ottoman Empire after the Greek War of Independence (1821–1829). The new kingdom was tiny—its borders included only the Peloponnese, parts of Central Greece, and a few islands.

Nationalism and the desire for Enosis (the unification of all Greek-speaking territories) spurred a century-long effort to expand. Both significant setbacks and successes resulted from that endeavor.

Slow Growth: Gains in the 19th Century

Britain, which had governed the Ionian Islands as a protectorate, gave them to Greece as a diplomatic gift in 1864. With the backing of European powers, a treaty with the Ottomans resulted in the ceding of Thessaly and portions of Epirus to Greece in 1881 (source).

Larger changes occurred in the 20th century, especially during the Balkan Wars, but these acquisitions were primarily peaceful.

The Balkan Wars and World War I: 1912–1920

The Balkan Wars (1912–1913) were a turning point. Greece joined Serbia, Montenegro, and Bulgaria to drive the Ottomans out of the Balkans. As a result, Greece nearly doubled in size, annexing Crete, Epirus, much of Macedonia, and Western Thrace (source).

After World War I, Greece was awarded Eastern Thrace and control over Smyrna (Izmir) in Asia Minor under the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920. But this territorial peak was short-lived.

The Catastrophe of 1922: Asia Minor Disaster

One of the most significant and devastating reversals in Greek history came just two years later.

Greece lost its influence in Asia Minor in 1922 as a result of an unsuccessful military campaign against Mustafa Kemal’s (later Atatürk) Turkish nationalist forces. Tens of thousands of Greek civilians were killed or displaced in what became known as the Asia Minor Catastrophe, which saw Greek forces decisively defeated. This conflict ended with the Treaty of Lausanne (1923), which redrew the map once again. Over 1.5 million people were displaced from their homes as a result of Greece and Turkey’s forced population exchange after Greece ceded its territorial gains in Anatolia.

Dodecanese Islands in 1947: Final Gains

Greece’s borders underwent their last alteration following World War II. As part of postwar settlements, the Dodecanese Islands, which Italy had controlled for a long time, were given to Greece in 1947. This was the Greek state’s final significant territorial expansion. Since then, the map of Greece has largely stayed the same, despite subsequent political changes.

The post Greece on the Map: A Century of Territorial Expansion (1832–1947) appeared first on Vivid Maps.

Below is the map created by @ArcGreek that illustrates the extent of Ottoman control over Greece at various time intervals.

Ottoman Conquest and the Gradual Occupation of Greek Lands

The Ottoman Empire’s conquest of Greece was gradual, starting with the capture of Thessaloniki in 1430 and ending with the fall of Crete in 1669. This phased expansion allowed some regions to retain a degree of autonomy, as the Ottomans often respected local customs in exchange for allegiance and taxes. This approach helped stabilize their new territories without heavily disrupting the local population, though it also sowed the seeds of Greek resistance that would eventually culminate in independence.

Islands and Maritime Territories: Limited Direct Control

Ottoman rule over Greece’s many islands varied widely. While some larger islands, such as Crete and Rhodes, were directly administered by Ottoman authorities, many of the smaller islands had minimal Ottoman presence. These islands were often left without garrisons or resident officials, and Ottoman fleets would visit annually to collect taxes and conscript sailors. This annual “tax voyage” was a strategy to exert control while allowing the islands to manage their day-to-day affairs independently, preserving local Greek customs and governance structures. The islands’ indirect rule became crucial in maintaining a unique Greek island culture that remained resilient despite Ottoman influence.

Inland Autonomy: Local Governance and Defense

Many mountainous inland regions, like the Mani Peninsula and the Pindus mountain villages, managed to maintain a level of autonomy. These regions often became strongholds of Greek culture, customs, and Orthodox Christian practices, even though they remained nominally under Ottoman rule. The Ottomans often assigned the local Greek population the responsibility of defending these areas, especially key mountain passes. In exchange, these regions were allowed to self-govern, provided they swore allegiance to the empire and fulfilled their duties in guarding against foreign threats. This autonomy made these areas breeding grounds for rebellion and was instrumental in later resistance efforts.

The Semi-Autonomous Peloponnese (Morea)

In the Peloponnese, Ottoman governance took on a different character. Between 1715 and 1821, the region experienced a form of semi-autonomy, where local Greek Christian leaders held some governmental authority. They managed local affairs, collected taxes, and even had input in administrative decisions. This arrangement not only gave the Greeks in the Peloponnese a rare degree of influence but also contributed to a sense of Greek identity and solidarity that would later be essential in the struggle for independence. In 1821, these tensions exploded into the Greek War of Independence, with the Peloponnese at the forefront of the uprising.

Economic Impact and Taxation Policies

The Ottoman Empire used a tax system called the haraci, a poll tax on non-Muslims, which was one of the economic policies that distinguished Christians and Muslims under Ottoman rule. Additionally, the Greeks had to pay a variety of other taxes, including property and trade taxes. Despite these burdens, some Greek merchant families became wealthy and influential under Ottoman rule by trading within the empire and beyond. Many Greeks even attained high-ranking positions as administrators and diplomats within the Ottoman administration, which created a complex dynamic of cooperation and resentment.

Cultural Legacy: Architecture, Cuisine, and Religious Tolerance

Ottoman rule left a notable mark on Greek architecture, cuisine, and cultural practices. Mosques, public baths, and bridges from the Ottoman period can still be seen in Greek cities like Thessaloniki and Athens. Some Ottoman-era architectural styles merged with local traditions, giving rise to unique buildings that blend Greek and Ottoman influences. Ottoman cuisine also influenced Greek dishes; foods like moussaka, kebabs, and baklava are popular in both Greece and Turkey today.

Religiously, the Ottomans allowed the Greek Orthodox Church to continue functioning and recognized its authority over the Orthodox Christian population. The church played a central role in maintaining Greek culture and identity, as it managed education, community organization, and religious practices. This arrangement fostered a strong sense of Greek identity and unity, ultimately contributing to the push for independence.

The Road to Independence

In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the Greek desire for independence intensified, inspired by the Enlightenment and revolutions in America and France. The Greek War of Independence began in 1821, with support from various European powers. After years of struggle, Greece finally achieved independence in 1830, establishing a modern Greek state and marking the end of nearly 400 years of Ottoman rule in the region.

Recommended Books and Maps on Amazon

• The Greeks: A Global History
• Modern Greece: A History since 1821
• The Ottoman Empire: A Short History

The post Greece Under Ottoman Rule: A Complex History of Resistance, Autonomy, and Cultural Influence appeared first on Vivid Maps.

The ancient Greek world stretched far beyond the familiar boundaries of modern Greece, reaching from the western Mediterranean to the edges of Asia. While many ancient cities have been lost to time, numerous Greek settlements continue to thrive as modern urban centers, each carrying traces of its Hellenic heritage beneath contemporary developments.

The Geographic Footprint of Ancient Greece

The Greek world’s expansion created a remarkable geographic footprint that challenges our contemporary understanding of ancient civilization. At its furthest reaches:

In the west stands Marseille (ancient Massalia), founded around 600 BCE as a trading outpost that evolved into one of the Mediterranean’s vital ports. The eastern frontier extended to Qandahar, Afghanistan (Alexandria in Arachosia), marking the impressive reach of Alexander’s empire. Alexandria, Egypt anchored the southern extent of Greek urban planning, while Tanais (modern-day Russia) marked the northern frontier along the Don River, facilitating trade between Greek merchants and Scythian tribes.

Characteristics of Greek Urban Centers

Greek cities were masterpieces of urban planning where every element served both practical and cultural purposes. Public spaces like the agora functioned as marketplaces and civic centers, while theaters carved into hillsides hosted both entertainment and political gatherings. These architectural features created a distinctive urban fingerprint that archaeologists can still trace in modern city layouts.

Some cities evolved into specialized centers: Marseille dominated western Mediterranean trade routes, while Alexandria became the intellectual capital of the ancient world. Others, like Byzantium (modern Istanbul), transformed into global metropolises that would shape world history.

Alexandria: The Greatest Survivor

Among all surviving Greek cities, Alexandria stands as perhaps the most remarkable testament to Hellenistic urban planning. Founded by Alexander the Great, it grew into an intellectual and commercial powerhouse that connected three continents. While the Great Library may be lost, the city’s grid pattern and some ancient structures remain, offering glimpses of its Hellenistic past beneath the modern metropolis.

List of Ancient Greek Cities Still Inhabited Today

Here’s the full list of some ancient Greek cities that have modern counterparts and continue to be inhabited:

Abdera – Avdira (Greece)
Acanthus – Ierissos (Greece)
Acharnae – Acharnes (Greece)
Adramyttium – Edremit (Turkey)
Aegina – Aegina (Greece)
Aegium – Aigio (Greece)
Aenus – Enez (Turkey)
Akragas – Agrigento (Italy)
Akrai – Palazzolo Acreide (Greece)
Akrillai – Chiaramonte Gulfi (Italy)
Akroinon – Afyonkarahisar (Turkey)
Akrotiri – Thera/Santorini (Greece)
Alalia – Aléria (France)
Alexándreia – Alexandria (Egypt)
Alexandretta – İskenderun (Turkey)
Alexandria Eschate – Khujand (Tajikistan)
Alexandria in Arachosia – Qandahar (Afghanistan)
Alexandria in Ariana – Heart (Afganistan)
Alexandria of the Caucasus – Bagram (Afghanistan)
Amarynthos – Eretria (Greece)
Amaseia – Amasya (Turkey)
Amida – Diyarbakır (Turkey)
Amisos – Samsun (Turkey)
Amnisos – Amphicleia (Greece)
Amphipolis – Amfipoli (Greece)
Amphissa – Amfissa (Greece)
Ankon (Ἀγκών) – Ancona (Italy)
Antioch on the Orontes – Antakya (Turkey)
Antioch, Mygdonia – Nusaybin (Turkey)
Antioch, Pisidia – Yalvaç (Turkey)
Antipatrea – Berat (Albania)
Apamea – Dinar (Turkey)
Aphidnae – Afidnes (Greece)
Apollonia – Pollina (Greece)
Apollonia – Fier (Albana)
Apollonia Pontica – Sozopol (Bulgaria)
Argyroupoli – Gümüşhane (Turkey)
Artanes – Lom (Bulgara)
Asine – Asinou (Cyprus)
Asine – Skoutari (Greece)
Asklepios – Iskilip (Turkey)
Assus – Behramkale (Turkey)
Astacus – İzmit (Turey)
Aytos – Aitos (Bulgaria)
Baris – Isparta (Turkey)
Berge – Berge (Greece)
Bhrytos – Beirut (Lebanon)
Borysthenes – Berezan Island (Ukraine)
Byblos – Byblos (Lebanon)
Bythinion – Bolu (Turkey)
Byzantium – Istanbul (Turkey)
Callipolis – Gelibolu (Turkey)
Carystus – Karystos (Greece)
Chalcedon – Kadıköy (Turkey)
Chamaizi – Crete (Greece)
Chersonesos – Sevastopol (Ukraine)
Chios – Chios (Greece)
Chytri – Kythrea (Cyprus)
Clazomenae – Kilizman (Turkey)
Cnidus – Tekir (Turkey)
Corcyra – Corfu (Greece)
Corcyra (Mesopotamia) – Kirkuk (Iraq)
Corcyra Melaena – Korčula (Croatia)
Croton – Crotone (Italy)
Cyme – Namurt (Turkey)
Dicaearchia – Pozzuoli (Italy)
Didyma – Didim (Turkey)
Dion – Dio (Greece)
Dioscurias – Sukhumi (Georgia)
Edessa – Şanlıurfa (Turkey)
Emporion – Empúries (Spain)
Ephesus – Efes (Turkey)
Epidamnos – Durres (Albana)
Eresos – Skala Eresou (Greece)
Eretria – Eretria (Greece)
Eubea – Licodia Eubea (Italy)
Gangra – Çankırı (Turkey)
Gaza – Gaza (Palestinian Territories)
Gela – Gela (Italy)
Gonnos – Gonnoi (Greece)
Gorgippia – Anapa (Russia)
Gythium – Gytheio (Greece)
Hagia Triada – Ayias Triadha (Greece)
Halicarnassus – Bodrum (Turkey)
Heliopolis – Baalbek (Lebanon)
Hellespontos – Dardanelles (Turkey)
Hēmeroskopeion – Dénia (Spain)
Heraclea – Hvar (Croatia)
Heraclea by Latmus – Kapıkırı (Turkey)
Heraclea Lyncestis – Bitola (Ukraine)
Heraclea Perinthus – Marmara Ereğli (Turkey)
Heraclea Pontica – Karadeniz Ereğli (Turkey)
Heraclea Trachis – Heraclea (Greece)
Hermione – Ermioni (Greece)
Hermonassa – Tmutarakan (Russia)
Hybla Heraea – Ragusa (Italy)
Hyele – Velia (Italy)
Idalium – Dali (Cyprus)
Imbros – Gökçeada (Greece)
Itanos – Erimopolis (Greece)
Ithaca – Ithaka (Greece)
Kallipolis – Gallipoli (Italy)
Kallipolis – Gelibolu (Turkey)
Katane – Catania (Italy)
Kerkinitida – Yevpatoria (Ukraine)
Klazomenai – Urla (Turkey)
Kydonia – Chania (Greece)
Lampsacus – Lapseki (Turkey)
Laodicea in Media – Nahavand (Iran)
Laodicea in Phoenicia – Beirut (Lebanon)
Laodicea in Syria – Latakia (Syria)
Leontini – Lentini (Italy)
Lindus – Lindos (Greece)
Lissus – Lezhë (Albania)
Magnesia ad Sipylum – Manisa (Turkey)
Marmara – Marmara (Turkey)
Massalia – Marseilles (France)
Mesembria – Nesebar (Bulgaria)
Mylasa – Milas (Turkey)
Myndus – Gümüşlük (Turkey)
Myonia – Agia Efthymia (Greece)
Myra – Demre (Turkey)
Nauplía – Nafpion (Greece)
Naxos – Giardini Naxos (Italy)
Neapoli – Kavala (Greece)
Neapolis – Naples (Italy)
Neapolis – Polignano a Mare (Italy)
Neapolis – Polychrono (Greece)
Nicaea – Iznik (Turkey)
Nicaea – Nice (France)
Nirou Chani – Itanos (Greece)
Odessos – Odessa (Ukraine)
Odessos – Varna (Bulgara)
Oenoe  – Ünye (Turkey)
Onchesmos – Sarandë (Albana)
Pagasae – Platanos (Greece)
Palaikastro – Itanos (Greece)
Panticapaeum – Kerch (Ukraine)
Parium – Kemer (Turkey)
Paros – Paros (Greece)
Patrae – Patrai (Greece)
Peiraieús – Piraeus (Greece)
Pelion – Epirus (Greece)
Pergamum – Bergama (Turkey)
Phálēron – Palaio Faliro (Greece)
Pharnacia – Giresun (Turkey)
Pharos – Hvar (Croatia)
Philippi – Filippoi (Greece)
Philippopolis – Plovdiv (Bulgaria)
Phocaea – Foça (Turkey)
Pithecussae – Ischia (Italy)
Pitiunt – Pitsunda (Georgia)
Pixous – Policastro Bussentino (Italy)
Poseidonia – Paestum (Italy)
Priapus – Karabiga (Turkey)
Prousa – Bursa (Turkey)
Pydna – Pydna (Greece)
Pyrgos – Burgas (Bulgaria)
Pyrgos – Malevizi (Greece)
Rhegion – Reggio Calabria (Italy)
Rhithymna – Rethymon (Greece)
Scidrus – Lucania (Italy)
Seleucia Pieria – Çevlik (Turkey)
Semasus – Amasra (Turkey)
Sestos – Eceabat (Turkey)
Sidon – Sidon (Lebanon)
Sinope – Sinop (Turkey)
Siris – Serres (Greece)
Sparta – Sparti (Greece)
Stratos – Stratos (Greece)
Stymphalos – Stymfalia (Greece)
Syracuse – Syracuse (Italy)
Tanais – Azov (Russia)
Tara – Taranto (Italy)
Tauromenion – Taormina (Italy)
Tegea – Alea (Greece)
Tenea – Municipal unit of Tenea (Greece)
Tenedos – Bozcaada (Turkey)
Thassos – Thassos (Greece)
Thebes – Thiva (Greece)
Theodosia – Feodosiya (Ukraine)
Tomis – Constanţa (Romania)
Tragurion – Trogir (Croatia)
Trapezus – Trabzon (Turkey)
Tripolis – Tirebolu (Turkey)
Tripolis – Tripoli (Lebanon)
Tripolis – Tripoli (Libya)
Troy – Truva (Turkey)
Tyras – Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (Ukraine)
Tyros – Tyre (Lebanon)
Zancle – Messina (Italy)

The Living Legacy

These surviving cities represent more than just points on a map—they’re living laboratories where ancient urban planning meets modern development. Many still follow street grids laid down over two millennia ago, while others preserve ancient monuments as the centerpieces of modern neighborhoods. Urban planners and architects continue to study these cities’ evolution, learning from their long-term sustainability and adaptability.

If you’re fascinated by ancient Greek cities, you can find books and resources that dive deeper into their history on Amazon. Here are a few recommended titles:

• The Ancient Greeks: History and Culture
• History of the Greek City States

(Note: These links take you to Amazon.com, where I may earn a small commission if you make a purchase. This comes at no extra cost to you.)

 Have you visited any of these cities or have insights into their fascinating histories? Leave a comment below—I’d love to hear your thoughts!

Related post:

• Location of every city founded by the Roman Empire (outside of Italy)

The post The Location of Every Ancient Greek City Outside of Greece and Cyprus That Still Exists Today appeared first on Vivid Maps.

Greece was settled as early as the Paleolithic period. During the 4th century BC, the population assessment of the Greeks is roughly 3.5 million on the Greek peninsula. At that time when the population of the rest of the Mediterranean basin was 4-6.5 million.

During Late Modern History, Greece has seen a steady increase in its population, excluding a large part of the 1940s because of the Second World War. After the 1940s, the population of Greece continued to increase, though at a declining speed after the 1960s, because of a steady decrease in fertility and emigration to other developed western countries. The birth rate dropped considerably in the 1980s, while in 1987, the Greek population reached 10 million. At this time, Greece had begun to appear a positive migration rate because of the return of Greek Civil War refugees and global immigration.

During the 1990s, the population grew by close to a million. The collapse of the communist regimes in Eastern Europe and the economic deterioration resulted in a considerable inflow of Eastern European immigrants in Greece, particularly from the Balkans, including many Greeks settling in these nations.

In the 2000s, the population continued to grow, surpassing 11 million, thanks to a risen birth rate, a steady inflow of migrants from other countries, and the return of Greeks from the U.S., Germany, Australia, and other nations.

In the 2010s, in the wake of the Greek economic crisis, the population began to decline, and birthrates descended while death rates grew because of an aging population. Many Greeks currently migrated abroad, while more recently, the population decline is stabilizing mainly because of foreign immigration.

According to the new national Census, the map below, created by Reddit user Juggertrout, shows population change in Greece by province from 2011 to 2021.

The post Population change in Greece by province appeared first on Vivid Maps.

Armenia claimed that about 2 million of its compatriots were sufferers of genocide under the Ottoman Empire during WWI.

Ankara denies the “genocide” charge, countering that 300-500 thousand Armenians and at least as considerable Turks died in civil conflict when Armenians rioted against their Ottoman sovereigns and sided with occupying Russian forces.

Approximately 1.5 million Greeks lived in Anatolia and East Thrace before 1923. Nowadays, the Greeks in Turkey make up a tiny population of Greek and Greek-speaking Eastern Orthodox Christians who mainly live in Istanbul (about 2,000, according to the United Nations) and on the two islands in the Aegean Sea (Imbros and Tenedos).

Armenians in Turkey today have an estimated population of 60,000, down from a bulk population of over 2 million Armenians between the years 1914 and 1921.

As a result, the Christian population of Turkey proper decreased from 4.4 million in 1912 to 700,000 in 1924.

Below is another version of the map showing the number of Greeks and Armenians by Turkish provinces in 1914 and at present.

Resettlement affected the Turks, too. After signing the “Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations” at Lausanne (Switzerland) on 30 January 1923 by the governments of Greece and Turkey, according to official documents, at least 1,221,489 Greek Orthodox from Asia Minor, Eastern Thrace, the Pontic Alps, and the Caucasus, and 355,000–400,000 Muslims from Greece were resettled.

Below is the map created by Reddit user bilalselim which illustrates Greek and Turkish populations before the exchange. Turks and Greeks who were unaffected by the exchange are shown in bold.

Are you interested in the topic of the 1923 Greek-Turkish population exchange? You might be interested in the book “Humanism in Ruins Entangled Legacies of the Greek-Turkish Population Exchange” by Aslı Iğsız, Assistant Professor of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies at New York University. In this book, Aslı Iğsız weaves together past and present, making perceptible the effects in Turkey across the following century of the 1923 exchange.

The post Armenians and Greeks in 1900 & 2000 appeared first on Vivid Maps.

Source: deviantart.net

The post The Atenian Empire of The Delian League, 478 – 431 BC appeared first on Vivid Maps.

Summer highs in New York City could be more like Juarez (Mexico) by 2100 without emissions cuts.
Los Angeles -> Belize City (Belize)
London -> Milan (Italy)
Paris -> Fez (Morocco)
Berlin and Moscow -> Bucharest (Romania)
Rome -> Port Said (Egypt)
Madrid -> Erbil (Iraq)
Sydney -> Port Moresby (Papua New Guinea)

The post How Hot Will Summers Be By 2100? appeared first on Vivid Maps.

Reddit user: trenescese

The post Ski jumping national records appeared first on Vivid Maps.