Just weeks after victory in Europe, Winston Churchill commissioned a secret military plan so audacious it earned the codename “Unthinkable.” The proposal called for Western forces to launch a surprise attack against their Soviet allies on July 1, 1945. What drove Churchill to contemplate such a drastic action, and why was the plan ultimately shelved?
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A glass art gallery in Florida. A bicycle museum in Pittsburgh. Coastal cliffs in Maine. These are the free attractions that earned the highest ratings from travelers in each state.
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Denmark ranks second in the world for arable land at 58.9%—higher than Ukraine, higher than India. Only Bangladesh beats it. Five countries have over half their territory dedicated to farming, and Denmark’s presence on this list surprises most people.
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Köppen-Geiger climate maps of Europe reveal zones migrating hundreds of kilometers north from 1930 to 2099. Mediterranean climate expands into France and interior Iberia, subarctic retreats in Scandinavia, continental shifts northeast, and Alpine tundra vanishes from lower peaks under ssp2-4.5 scenario.
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China’s fertility rate has plunged to 1.0 child per woman in 2023, with dramatic provincial variations from 1.68 in Guizhou to 0.52 in Heilongjiang. Housing costs, education expenses, and cultural shifts drive the decline. UN projections show China’s population falling from 1.4 billion to 633 million by 2100, while the U.S. grows to 421 million.
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After Jesus’s death around 30 AD, his twelve closest followers scattered across continents. Peter died in Rome, Thomas traveled to India, Andrew reached Greece, and Matthew went to Ethiopia. This map traces their journeys along Roman roads and trade routes, showing how Christianity expanded from Jerusalem to three continents within seven decades.
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Even though Urdu was made the official language of Pakistan in 1947, only 7% of the population speaks it as their mother tongue. Punjabi leads the way at nearly 39%, while Pashto, Sindhi, and Saraiki all have more native speakers than the national language.
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Starbucks leads in most American states, while Dunkin’ commands IL, VA, and the Northeast. Tim Hortons dominates MI and OH, and Caribou leads six Upper Midwest states.
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In the early 5th century, different beliefs shared the Arabian Peninsula. Jewish and Christian families lived in busy caravan towns, while many desert tribes still honored local gods or searched for a single creator.
Zoroastrian customs from Persia reached Arabia’s northeast, blending with local traditions. A few generations later, Islam appeared and began to reshape life across the peninsula.
Areas within 100 km (62 mi) of oceans compared to areas closer to the Kármán line where space begins. 99% of atmospheric mass sits below 30 km (19 mi) while Earth measures 12,742 km (7,918 mi) across. Troposphere holds 85-90% of atmospheric mass in just 8-20 km.
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