The spatial distribution of European capitals
Many European capitals are located on coastlines or along major rivers. This was historically advantageous for trade, transportation, and defense. Examples include London (UK) along the River Thames, Lisbon (Portugal) along the Atlantic coast, Rome (Italy) near the Tyrrhenian Sea, Paris (France) on the Seine, Berlin (Germany) on the River Spree, and Budapest (Hungary) on the Danube.
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